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Barcode Technology - DataMatrix
Barcode
Hide the description |
Data Matrix barcode is one of
the best known 2D codes, the
development of the Data Matrix
code started in the 80ies. |
A Data Matrix is a
two-dimensional code consisting
of black and white "cells" or
dots arranged in either a square
or rectangular pattern, also
known as a matrix. The
information to be encoded can be
text or numeric data. Usual data
size is from a few bytes up to
1556 bytes. The length of the
encoded data depends on the
number of cells in the matrix.
Error correction codes are often
used to increase reliability:
even if one or more cells are
damaged so it is unreadable, the
message can still be read. A
Data Matrix symbol can store up
to 2,335 alphanumeric
characters.. |
Valid characters:
ASCII 1-255
|
Data Matrix symbols are
rectangular, usually square in
shape and composed of square
"cells" which represent bits.
Depending on the coding used, a
"light" cell represents a 0 and
a "dark" cell is a 1, or vice
versa. Every Data Matrix is
composed of two solid adjacent
borders in an "L" shape (called
the "finder pattern") and two
other borders consisting of
alternating dark and light
"cells" or modules (called the
"timing pattern"). Within these
borders are rows and columns of
cells encoding information. The
finder pattern is used to locate
and orient the symbol while the
timing pattern provides a count
of the number of rows and
columns in the symbol. As more
data is encoded in the symbol,
the number of cells (rows and
columns) increases. Each code is
unique. |
A Data Matrix Code can encode up
to 3116 numbers or up to 2335
characters. Different symbol
sizes are used
depending on the amount of data
to be encoded. |
Applications of Data Matrix
As a new bar code technology,
Data Matrix has been widely used
in the field of defense,
healthcare, business, finance,
logistics management in Western
countries. Since the minimal
size of Data Matrix is the
smallest one among various
barcode types, it is especially
appropriate for marking small
items. Nowadays, it is commonly
applied to printed media, such
as labels and letters. |
DataMatrix is one of the many
barcode formats currently in
use. |
A Barcode is a method of
representing data in a visual,
machine-readable form. |
The barcode formats has two
categories: |
One-dimensional (1D) ---
Barcodes represented data by
varying the widths and spacings
of parallel lines. |
Two-dimensional (2D) --- Using
rectangles, dots, hexagons and
other geometric patterns to
represented data. |
DataMatrix is 2D barcode.
consists of 4 main components:
Data area: This area contains
the data in codified form.
Closed limitation line: This is
the corner that is represented
in normal alignment to the left
and below the data area with an
uninterrupted line. Based on
this, the code and its alignment
is recognized while scanning.
Open borderline: This is the
opposite corner of the "closed
limitation line". These lines
(above and to the right) consist
of alternating black and white
dots. These are used to the
determination of lines and
columns while scanning.
Quiet zone: This area surrounds
the code. This area must be at
least so wide as one dot of the
code.
|
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Error Correction Capacity:
ECC 200 uses Reed-Solomon error
correction. And there are two
kinds of erroneous codewords
that can be corrected by the
error correction codewords. One
is an unscanned or undecodable
symbol character called
erasures, while the other is a
misdecoded symbol character
called errors.
The number of them can be given
by the following formula:
e + 2t < d - p
In this formula, e, t, d, p
stands for number of erasures,
errors, error correction
codewords, and codewords
reserved for error detection
respectively. |
Human Readable:
Most barcodes display their
corresponding values below them,
which makes it possible to human
read and manually enter
the barcode values into the
equivalent system when the
barcode label is worn out and
cannot be read by the barcode
scanner. |
The Advantages of using
barcodes:
If you want to reduce costs and
save time, using barcodes is a
good choice. Whether you are a
company or a non-commercial
organization, to improve
efficiency and reduce overhead,
barcodes are a valuable and
viable option, which is
economical and reliable.
The bar code design and printing
cost are low. Generally
speaking, no matter how they are
used or where they are posted,
the cost is not high. They can
be customized economically, in a
variety of finishes and
materials.
The barcode system is very
versatile, it can be used for
any necessary data collection.
This may include pricing or
inventory information or
management information service
system. In addition, because
barcodes can be affixed to
almost any surface, they can be
used not only to track the
product itself, but also to
track the production process,
shipments and equipments.
Using barcode system will
improve the inventory control is
improved, it can track inventory
accurately, inventory levels can
be reduced it will lower the
rate of eavesdropping. The
location of the inventory and
device can also be tracked,
thereby reducing the time it
takes to find the inventory and
device.
The barcode system provide
better data. Because a barcode
can store various information
such as inventory and pricing,
especially when using QR Code,
it can store thousands of
characters, so the data stored
in the barcode can be quickly
obtained by the barcode reader,
this fast turnaround ensures
that time is not wasted on data
entry or retrieval. In addition,
the barcode can be customized to
include other relevant
information as needed. They
provide fast and reliable data
for various applications.
When barcodes are used in
management information systems,
they can promote better
decision-making. Because data is
obtained quickly and accurately,
you can quickly obtain a full
range of information for the
entire company or organization,
so it is possible to make more
informed decisions. Better
decisions can ultimately save
time and money.
Barcodes are cheap and
user-friendly, providing an
indispensable tool for tracking
data from pricing to inventory.
The end result of a
comprehensive bar code system is
reduced overhead. |
Comparison of Data Matrix and QR
Code |
Both Data Matrix and QR Code are
two-dimensional barcode, which
are able to contain a
considerably great volume of
information with a small area.
However, there are many
differences between Data Matrix
and QR Code. |
|
Data Matrix |
QR Code |
Background |
Invented by
International Data
Matrix (ID Matrix) in
1989 |
Developed by Denso Wave
in 1994 |
Encodable Data |
-
ASCII: Double digit
numerics, ASCII
values 0 - 127, and
Extended ASCII
values 128 - 255
-
C40: Upper-case
alphanumeric, Lower
case and special
characters
-
Text: Lower-case
alphanumeric, Upper
case and special
characters
-
X12: ANSI X12 EDI
data set
-
EDIFACT: ASCII
values 32 - 94
-
Base 256: All byte
values 0 - 255
|
-
Numeric data (digits
0 - 9)
-
Alphanumeric data
(digits 0 - 9; upper
case letters A - Z)
and nine other
characters: (space,
$ % * + - . / :)
-
Byte data (default:
ISO/IEC 8859-1; or
other sets as
otherwise defined)
-
Kanji character.
(Kanji characters
can be compacted
into 13 bits)
|
Maximum data characters |
-
3,116 numeric
characters
-
2,335 alphanumeric
characters
-
1,555 8-bit byte
characters
|
-
7,089 numeric
characters
-
4,293 alphanumeric
characters
-
2,953 byte
characters
-
1,817 Kanji
characters
|
Application |
Defense, healthcare,
finance, logistics
management, etc |
Advertising, packaging,
commercial tracking,
entertaining, etc |
|
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FAQ About Data Matrix Barcode |
|
What is the
historical origin of the Data Matrix barcode |
Data Matrix is a
two-dimensional code (also called a matrix) composed of black
and white color blocks (cells) in a square or rectangular shape.
It was developed by the American International Data Corporation
in August 1994 and is mainly used for Parts, printed circuit
boards, etc., American International Data Corporation was
acquired by Microscan in 2008.
The encoded
information may be text or numerical data. Data size is usually
a few to 1556 bytes. The length of the encoded data determines
the number of color blocks in the matrix. Error-correcting codes
are often used when encoding to increase reliability: even if
one or more color blocks are damaged and unreadable, the
information inside can still be read. A data matrix can store up
to 2,335 numbers or letters. |
|
Characteristics of
Data Matrix |
The appearance of the Data
Matrix 2D barcode is a square or
rectangular symbol composed of
many small squares. The
information is stored in a
binary-code manner by an
arrangement and combination of
light and dark squares.
Encoding, so the computer can
directly read the data content
without the need for a Character
Look-up Table like a traditional
one-dimensional barcode. Dark
color represents "1", light
color represents "0", and
strings of light and dark
squares are used to describe
special character information.
These strings are then arranged
into a complete matrix code. A
Data Matrix two-dimensional
barcode is formed, and then
printed on different material
surfaces using different
printers. Since the Data Matrix
2D barcode only needs to read
20% of the data to be accurately
read, it is very suitable for
use in places where barcodes are
easily damaged, such as parts
printed on parts exposed to
special environments such as
high heat, chemical cleaners,
and mechanical abrasion.
The size of the Data Matrix
two-dimensional barcode can be
adjusted arbitrarily, with the
maximum range of 14 square
inches and the minimum range of
0.0002 square inches. This size
is also the smallest among
current one-dimensional and
two-dimensional barcodes. On the
other hand, the size of most
barcodes has an absolute
relationship with the amount of
data encoded, but the size of
the Data Matrix two-dimensional
barcode and the amount of data
encoded are independent of each
other, so its size is relatively
flexible. In addition, the Data
Matrix 2D barcode also has the
following characteristics:
1. The encodeable character set
includes all ASCII characters
and extended ASCII characters, a
total of 256 characters.
2. Barcode size (excluding blank
area): 10กม10 ~ 144กม144
3. Data capacity: 2235
alphanumeric data, 1556 8-bit
data, 3116 digital data.
4. Error correction: Use the
Reed-Solomon algorithm to
generate polynomial calculations
to obtain error correction
codes. Different sizes should
use different numbers of error
correction codes. |
|
|
In what industries
are Data Matrix barcodes most used? |
The most popular
application of Data Matrix is the labeling of small objects,
because the encoding can encode 50 characters in an area of 2 or
3 square millimeters and is still readable at 20% contrast. The
size of the Data Matrix is not limited, and commercial
applications include images as small as 300 microns (laser
etched on a 600 micron silicon device) and as large as 1 meter
(painted on the roof of a boxcar). The fidelity of the drawing
and reading system is its only limitation.
The Electronic
Industries Alliance (EIA) recommends using Data Matrix to label
small electronic components.
It is increasingly common to print Data Matrix codes on labels
or letters. This code can be quickly read using a barcode
reader, making it easier to track items, for example, when a
package is in the mail.
For industrial
engineering, this barcode can also be marked directly on the
component, thereby using Data Matrix encoded data to identify
the component. Manufacturers can use a variety of methods to
complete the component, but in the aerospace industry, barcoding
is usually done with industrial inkjet, dot matrix marking,
laser marking and electrolytic chemical etching (ECE). Use these
methods to get a sustainable A permanent marker to the life of a
component.
Data Matrix
coding is usually verified using professional camera equipment
and software. This verification ensures that the coding complies
with relevant standards and ensures readability during the
lifetime of the component. After the component is in use, the
code can still be read and decoded by the reading lens, and the
decoded information can be used for a variety of purposes, such
as movement tracking and inventory checks.
Data Matrix
encodings, like other open source encodings such as 1D Barcodes,
can also be read on your phone using specific mobile apps. |
|
Comparing Data
Matrix and QR Code, what are the characteristics of each? |
Data Matrix and
QR Code are both two-dimensional codes, but there are some
differences, including:
Data Matrix can
store fewer characters than QR Code, but encodes data more
compactly.
Data Matrix only
uses perimeter for recognition, while QR Code has more
recognition areas.
Data Matrix can
be made into a rectangular appearance, while QR Code has a
relatively simple appearance.
Both Data Matrix
and QR Code can carry GS1 unique identifiers, but Data Matrix is
more suitable for the identification of small parts. |
|
How many types of
Data Matrix barcodes are there? |
Data Matrix can
be divided into two types: ECC000-140 and ECC200. ECC000-140 has
a variety of different levels of error correction functions,
while ECC200 uses the Reed-Solomon algorithm to generate
polynomials to calculate error correction codes. Its size can be
customized according to needs. Printed in different sizes, but
the error correction code used should match the size. Because
its algorithm is easier and the size is more flexible, ECC200 is
generally more common. |
|
What are the
advantages and disadvantages of Data Matrix barcodes?
|
Advantage:
Can store large
amounts of data, up to 2335 bytes.
Smaller space can
be used, suitable for logos of small products.
It has a high
degree of error correction and can be read even if it is
partially damaged.
Shortcoming:
A dedicated
scanner or camera is required to read it.
A standardized
content format needs to be followed, otherwise errors or
confusion may result. |
|
What will be the
future development of Data Matrix barcodes?
|
Data Matrix is a
two-dimensional code. Like QR Code, QR code has broad
application prospects.
The
two-dimensional barcode developed on the basis of the
one-dimensional barcode has advantages that are incomparable to
the one-dimensional barcode. As a portable data file, although
it is still in its infancy, it is developing rapidly with the
continuous improvement of the market economy and the rapid
development of information technology. Driven by technology and
coupled with the unique characteristics of 2D barcodes,
countries have an increasing demand for the new technology of 2D
barcodes. Especially in the past two years, 2D barcodes have
begun to be applied in many industries. Some far-sighted
manufacturers have also begun to get involved in the field of 2D
barcodes, making the promotion and application of 2D barcode
technology an attractive prospect.
Compared with
other automatic identification technologies, 2D barcodes have
unique advantages
With the development of science and information technology,
there are more and more types of automatic identification
technologies. The development of automatic identification
technology is mainly reflected in the improvement of data
quality and input speed and the elimination of human
interference. Among them, barcodes, magnetic cards, IC cards and
radio frequency identification are more prominent. However,
two-dimensional barcodes have obvious advantages in terms of
information carrier cost, information volume, confidentiality,
anti-pollution and anti-interference, and standardization, and
have good prospects for promotion and application.
2D barcodes have
many advantages:
1) Documents
using two-dimensional barcodes are low-cost and have good
practical value.
Two-dimensional
barcodes can be printed using common inkjet printers, laser
printers, and thermal transfer printers, and can be printed on
paper, cards, or PVC cards. Therefore, compared with other
automatic identification technologies, it is low in cost and has
good practical value.
2) Documents
using two-dimensional barcodes have good fault tolerance and
long service life.
Various documents
may be damaged and contaminated to varying degrees during use.
Therefore, higher requirements are placed on the service life
and machine reading capabilities of the documents. The 2D
barcode uses an error correction algorithm and has strong error
correction capabilities. Even after part of it is damaged, it
can still be read by a machine through error correction.
3) Reduced
dependence on the main system and network, thereby reducing
costs and improving reliability.
The
two-dimensional barcode is a portable data file that can carry a
large amount of information itself and does not need to be
connected to an external database. Therefore, when calculator
and database support are not available, the two-dimensional
barcode can also be read through a portable data terminal.
information in the barcode, thereby reducing dependence on the
main system and network, reducing usage costs and improving
reliability.
4) Implemented
the machine-readable function of documents.
The
machine-readability and anti-counterfeiting capabilities of
documents are the hallmarks of the new generation of documents.
Two-dimensional barcodes can encode important information such
as the holder's name, certificate number, blood type, gender,
etc., and can be automatically read by machines, solving the
problem of automatic entry of document data information.
5) Improved the
anti-counterfeiting capabilities of documents.
Two-dimensional
barcodes have good anti-counterfeiting capabilities. Using
two-dimensional barcodes on documents can improve the
anti-counterfeiting capabilities of documents by mathematically
encrypting the data information represented by the
two-dimensional barcodes. Currently, mathematical encryption
technology is already a very advanced and mature technology in
the world. Therefore, the anti-counterfeiting ability of the
document can be greatly increased.
Therefore, the
high technology of two-dimensional barcode has great promotion
and application value.
The 2D barcode
market has unlimited space:
As a new barcode
technology, 2D barcode has been widely used in fields such as
national defense, medical care, commerce, finance, and logistics
management. Because two-dimensional barcodes have large
information capacity, good confidentiality and
anti-counterfeiting properties, and low cost, they have very
broad application prospects. It is foreseeable that
two-dimensional barcode technology will bring considerable
social and economic benefits to the development of the
information industry and modern economic construction.
Two-dimensional
barcodes have now entered the stage of systematic application in
Western developed countries. Their application fields and usage
methods have largely guided the development direction of the
world's two-dimensional barcodes. Manufacturers and dealers of
2D barcode related equipment want to enter a wide range of
fields, involving a wide range of areas and closely related to
people's daily work and life, such as railway transportation, ID
cards, household appliances and public utilities. This is almost
Involving every family and every person, this indicates that 2D
barcodes will enter our lives and penetrate into our lives.
It is worth
mentioning here that some dealers have proposed that the focus
of future development should first be on products in the
pharmaceutical and electronic fields. Medical and electronic
products are small and do not have enough space to accommodate
traditional barcodes. The high density of 2D barcodes allows
automatic identification of these products. For example, some
electronic chips are expensive and must be tracked. In addition,
the use of two-dimensional barcodes for mandatory controlled
drugs in Western countries is also imperative in other
countries, so the above technology will become increasingly
important. |
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